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In this article, CheapInsurance.com dives into required minimum liability limits in California and across the country. Those shopping for valid coverage, particularly in the context of financing or leasing a vehicle, should also note why simply meeting the minimum may be risky.
What “Minimum Liability Coverage” Means and Why It Exists
Every U.S. state, with one exception, requires drivers to carry a minimum level of auto insurance to legally operate a vehicle.
Liability coverage is designed to protect other people and their property when the insured driver is at fault in an accident. Specifically, it includes two main components:
- Bodily Injury (BI) Liability: This is the amount the insurer will pay for others’ medical expenses, lost wages, or legal claims when the insured driver injures someone.
- Property Damage (PD) Liability: This is the amount the insurer pays for damage to someone else’s vehicle or property when the insured driver is at fault.
These limits are typically expressed as a set of numbers, such as 25/50/25. This format means $25,000 per person for injury, up to $50,000 per accident for injury to all persons, and $25,000 for property damage.
In California, the minimum bodily injury liability is $30,000 per person and $60,000 per accident, with property damage liability at $15,000.
States mandate these minimum coverage levels to ensure that victims of accidents have some source of compensation and that drivers assume financial responsibility, preventing others from having to absorb the cost of the damages.
Why You Might Need Coverage Beyond the Minimum
Meeting the legal minimum protects one legally, but often fails to provide adequate financial protection or ensure a smooth auto insurance experience. Insurance experts frequently recommend consumers consider higher limits or additional coverage for several common financial and risk management reasons:
When a vehicle is financed or leased
When financing or leasing a vehicle, the lender or lessor usually requires the driver to maintain not only liability coverage but also full coverage, which includes collision and comprehensive insurance, to protect their investment. Furthermore, if a driver causes an accident and the costs for repairs or negligence exceed their liability limits, the lender or other parties could pursue them for the difference. Choosing only minimum limits frequently leaves a driver underinsured.
When other valuable assets are owned
For individuals who own assets such as a home, savings, investments, or other personal property, a lawsuit resulting from a serious car accident could easily exceed minimum liability limits. This exposure creates a significant risk to personal assets. Opting for a higher liability limit helps shield and protect those valuable possessions.
When protection from uninsured or underinsured drivers is desired