HUNTSVILLE, Ala. (KEYT) – A mechanical engineering senior project team from Cal Poly placed first overall at NASA's 2026 Human Lander Challenge competition last month after developing a cold drinking water system for future manned missions to the moon and Mars.

The nationwide competition asked college teams to come up with solutions connected to life support and environmental control systems that currently pose unique challenges to long-term space excursions.

"As NASA continues preparing for sustained lunar exploration and future human missions to Mars, the development of robust, efficient, and reliable life support systems remains a critical focus area," shared Natalie Martinez-Vlasoff, the mission capabilities and risk reduction advanced capabilities integration lead at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsvill, Alabama. "The 2026 student teams demonstrated a strong understanding of the range of design choices for these systems, and how well-considered, systems-level approaches can improve reliability and crew safety for astronauts using future human landing systems. It is encouraging to see students contributing ideas that help make long-duration lunar exploration more achievable."

Cal Poly's winning project, the Peltier-based Hydration Accumulation Terminal (PHAT), is a modular add-on for existing spacecraft water dispensers that supports a thermoelectric cold-water subsystem that doesn't use refrigerants and compressors.

The Peltier effect, first discovered in 1834 by French physicist Jean-Charles-Athanase Peltier, is the name of the phenomenon where heat is transferred between two materials when an electric current passes through them.

The use of electricity in this manner is the crucial understanding used by the team to deliver the project without materials and systems we commonly associate with terrestrial air cooling systems.

The design is intended to support the Artemis program's intent to land astronauts on the lunar surface in 2028 and even longer trips to Mars in the future.

The local college's team of mechanical engineering students Taehoon Lee, Sabrina Luo, Jenner Mucher, Ethan Pace, Tarsem Pal and Renee Rebolledo were advised by Professer John Chen and coached by lecturer Rick Lasko.

The final round of the late June competition, put on by the National Institute of Aerospace on behalf of the nation's space agency, required teams to submit a technical paper, worth 70 percent of their final score, as well as deliver a 25-minute presentation and take questions from the judges.

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By Sol Amaya, CNN

(CNN) — On the facade of a sushi restaurant in a chic Buenos Aires neighborhood, two goldfish in a glass display case would go largely unnoticed apart from the occasional child who would tap against the glass.

One day, someone took a closer look at the tank, which was exposed to the sun and street noise. It would change the fate of the pair of small fish, named Fede and Magui, who were later recognized in an Argentine court as sentient beings that had rights.

“Anyone passing by and stopping to look could see it wasn’t suitable for the fish,” said Matías Trufero, lawyer for the NGO Jaulas Vacías, an anti-speciesism sanctuary that houses more than 200 rescued animals.

He said that’s why Jaulas Vacías (Empty Cages), decided to file a complaint with the courts, arguing that the conditions of these fish violated Law 14.346, which penalizes animal abuse in Argentina.

With the help of specialists, they built a legal case and almost immediately convinced the court to move the fish to a more suitable place.

Trufero, the main promoter of this change, said the restaurant staff did not object to the ruling. CNN has contacted the restaurant for comment.

Having two fish in a glass display case is “more or less the same as putting two polar bears in a cage inside a sauna,” said Carlos José Aga, one of the specialists who helped with the rescue and offered to adopt them.

Magui and Fede were moved from their 40-liter display case and into a 2,500-liter fish tank at Aga’s house. The court ruled that the fish would remain in the care of their adopter.

“Fish are like astronauts, they travel in their own environment with careful monitoring of all their vital parameters, and when they arrive at the place, those conditions must be reproduced with great accuracy to avoid imbalances that could lead to a decrease in their immunity,” Aga explained.

“Now they are doing very well,” he said.

But rescuing the fish was only part of the process.

‘Sentient beings’

“At the beginning of the case, we requested that, in addition to removing the fish to a safe and suitable location, they be declared subjects of law,” or “sentient beings,” Trufero explained.

In other words, they wanted the fish to stop being recognized merely as “objects” under the law and become beings with rights.

Such a ruling sets a precedent for similar animals in inadequate conditions to lead a dignified life.

For anyone wondering if it’s illegal to keep goldfish at home, Trufero said the answer depends on the situation.

“It’s not illegal per se to keep a fish in a fish tank. However, it is illegal to keep them in conditions that cause mistreatment or cruelty. For example, inadequate space, insufficient food, and other acts punishable by law,” Trufero said about the legislation in Argentina.

“Furthermore, if it’s an exotic species, keeping could be prohibited if it falls under local wildlife laws,” regulations that also exist in many other countries, he said.

From orangutans to fish

The first habeas corpus petition filed on behalf of a non-human animal was in 2005 for Suiza, a chimpanzee in Brazil, who died before being transferred to a sanctuary.

From then on, similar cases began to occur in ot