Text by Madeline Holcombe and photos by Will Lanzoni, CNN
(CNN) — The new food pyramid has turned things upside down.
Literally speaking, the image representing the newest Dietary Guidelines for Americans is itself flipped from the pyramid of the past. But the US Department of Health and Human Services and the US Department of Agriculture also made some significant changes to the more recent guidelines, depicted not by the food pyramid but by the circular MyPlate.
And how do the new guidelines compare with the frequently lauded Mediterranean diet? That lauded meal plan also offers differing guidance and points of emphasis.
With so much nuanced and conflicting advice among those three nutrition plans, it can be hard to know what to eat on any particular day.
Dietitian Natalie Mokari, who works with clients in her North Carolina practice to help them eat for better nutrition, built a day of eating under each of the three approaches –– the new food pyramid, MyPlate and the Mediterranean diet –– so you can see the differences, the similarities and what might work for you.
What do I eat for breakfast?
Each plan takes a little bit different of a shape when it comes to carbohydrates.
The Mediterranean diet emphasizes whole grains like brown rice, whole-grain breads and pastas, quinoa and oats, which is why this breakfast is based in steel-cut oats, Mokari said.
The Mediterranean diet can be tricky for people who are watching their carbs, but it can be adjusted to work for the individual, she added.
MyPlate recommended that carbohydrates make up a little more than a quarter of the plate. That plate represents a full day of eating, not every meal, Mokari said. That’s why breakfast is low-fat yogurt and fruit with granola added in.
The new food pyramid emphasizes more carbohydrates from fruits and vegetables, and less from grains, especially refined grains. The carbohydrates from this breakfast are coming from the whole-grain toast but also the spinach and fruit.
“There’s a little confusion that it’s maybe a low-carb diet, but it’s really not,” Mokari said.
What’s for lunch?
The new foods pyramid calls for three servings of vegetables and two of fruit in a day.
The Mediterranean diet stresses fruits, vegetables, whole grains and healthy fats at every meal, making it very high in fiber, Mokari said. A lunch for this plan might be a vegetable soup with cannellini beans and whole-grain toast with hummus, tomato and feta cheese.
MyPlate also recommends a lot of fruits and vegetables: about 2 to 4 cups of vegetables and 1½ to 2 cups of fruit a day for adults. That averages out to two to four servings of vegetables and 1½ to two of fruit, Mokari said.
What you don’t see in these plates is very much added sugar or processed foods. There’s nothing new about guidance to cut back: All the meal plans call for reducing both.
“There’s not going to be a single dietitian that’s not going to tell you to eat more whole foods. I think that’s a great guidance,” Mokari said.
The new food pyramid is more aggressive about sugar and processed foods than previous guidance, however, recommending no added sugar for kids ages 5 to 10. Unless you are very careful and have a big budget, that might be hard, since added sugar is in lots of packaged foods, including many spaghetti sauces, peanut butters and snack foods.
“It’s just not realistic,” Mokari said. “I think it’s great to reduce [added sugars], but I think saying none is really not sustainable.”
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Dairy is one of th