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By Annie Grayer, CNN

(CNN) — Bill and Hillary Clinton refused to testify on Capitol Hill Tuesday in the House Oversight Committee’s Jeffrey Epstein probe despite lawmakers’ threat to hold them in contempt.

“You will say it is not our decision to make. But we have made it. Now you have to make yours,” the Clintons wrote in an apparent challenge to Republican Chairman James Comer, who set a final deadline for appearances this week.

Comer told reporters Wednesday the committee would meet next week to move forward with proceedings for Bill Clinton — leaving open the door that the former Secretary of State could still change her mind.

The move marks an escalation in the panel’s efforts to bring the former president in for a closed-door interview as part of its Epstein investigation. Successful contempt votes by the GOP-controlled House would be both symbolic — as rebukes to the Clintons — and could be used as a tool to compel them to testify. It could also have legal consequences if the former president continues to resist cooperation and the courts or the Justice Department decide to take it up.

“It’s important to note that this subpoena was voted on in a bipartisan manner by this committee. This wasn’t something that I just issued as chairman of the committee. This was voted on by the entire committee in a unanimous vote of the House Oversight Committee to subpoena former President Clinton and former Secretary of State, Hillary Clinton,” Comer said. “Now Hillary Clinton supposed to show up tomorrow. We’ll see what happens there.”

The Clintons laid out their personal and legal qualms with the request in a series of letters, obtained by CNN, penned by themselves and their lawyers.

The pair asserted in the letters that they were being unfairly singled out — noting seven other subpoenaed in-person appearances have been waived. Calling the panel’s subpoenas “invalid and legally unenforceable,” they outlined what they said were unprecedented harms being pushed by the administration.

“Every person has to decide when they have seen or had enough and are ready to fight for this country, its principles and its people, no matter the consequences. For us, now is that time,” they wrote.

They added later: “Indeed, bringing the Republicans’ cruel agenda to a standstill while you work harder to pass a contempt charge against us than you have done on your investigation this past year would be our contribution to fighting the madness.”

After the panel meets next week, the House GOP leadership would have to schedule a vote on the House floor. A vote by the full House to hold Clinton in criminal contempt of Congress would set up a referral to the Department of Justice, which would then have to decide whether to prosecute.

The panel unanimously issued subpoenas to the Clintons in August for depositions and has been privately negotiating with their legal counsel to try to set a date for both Clintons to appear for closed-door interviews.

The Clintons claimed they “have tried to give you the little information we have.”

“We’ve done so because Mr. Epstein’s crimes were horrific,” they told Comer. “If the Government didn’t do all it could to investigate and prosecute these crimes, for whatever reason, that should be the focus of your work – to learn why and to prevent that from happening ever again. There is no evidence that you are doing so.”

But Comer has appeared unmoved.

By Shimon Prokupecz, Matthew J. Friedman, Rachel Clarke, CNN

(CNN) — Former teacher Arnulfo Reyes was questioned repeatedly in court Tuesday about how doors were left open at Robb Elementary School in Uvalde, Texas, before a gunman entered in May 2022 and killed 21 children and teachers.

Reyes, the only survivor in his classroom, and called to testify by prosecutors who have accused former school district police officer Adrian Gonzales of failing to do enough to stop or delay the shooter.

The attack remains one of the deadliest US school shootings, a continuing scourge that has spurred security measures in classrooms across America.

Gonzales has pleaded not guilty to 29 charges of endangering or abandoning a child. Prosecutors allege he was told where the shooter was heading and had enough time to act.

Defense attorney Nico LaHood had Reyes confirm that the door to his classroom was not locked on the day of the massacre, when Reyes saw sheetrock flying amid gunfire and told his students to hide.

“Hiding the kids isn’t as effective if that door is not locked,” LaHood said, then asking Reyes: “The fact that the door was not locked had an effect on the gunman entering the room?”

“Yes,” Reyes replied.

LaHood also questioned how well the children were hidden in Room 111. They were underneath tables, but unlike in the classroom next door, there were no curtains around the table edges to shield them from view, he said, and Reyes agreed.

Teachers testified earlier in the trial that some rooms had cu

By Jacopo Prisco, CNN

(CNN) — Particles from Earth’s atmosphere have been carried into space by solar wind and have been landing on the moon for billions of years, mixing into the lunar soil, according to a new study.

The research sheds new light on a puzzle that has endured for over half a century since the Apollo missions brought back lunar samples with traces of substances such as water, carbon dioxide, helium and nitrogen embedded in the regolith — the moon’s dusty surface layer.

Early studies theorized that the sun was the source of some of these substances. But in 2005 researchers at the University of Tokyo suggested that they could have also originated from the atmosphere of a young Earth before it developed a magnetic field about 3.7 billion years ago. The authors suspected that the magnetic field, once in place, would have stopped the stream by trapping the particles and making it difficult or impossible for them to escape into space.

Now, the new research upends that assumption by suggesting that Earth’s magnetic field might have helped, rather than blocked, the transfer of atmospheric particles to the moon — which continues to this day.

“This means that the Earth has been supplying volatile gases like oxygen and nitrogen to the lunar soil over all this time,” said Eric Blackman, coauthor of the new study and a professor in the department of physics and astronomy at the University of Rochester in New York.

“It has long been thought that the Moon initially formed from an asteroid impact to the proto-Earth, during which there was a lot of initial mixing of such volatiles from Earth to moon,” he added via email. “Our results show that there is still volatile sharing, even over billions of years.”

The presence of useful elements such as oxygen and hydrogen on the moon’s surface could be of interest for lunar exploration.

“Lunar missions, and ultimately lunar colonies that might potentially arise someday, would likely have to have self-sustaining resources that do not need to be carried from Earth,” Blackman said.

“For example, people have studied how they might process water from lunar regolith and extract hydrogen and oxygen to make fuel. There are also studies of ammonia-based fuel which would take advantage of the nitrogen carried onto the moon by, and in the solar wind. So, this material carried by the solar wind goes into the soil and becomes part of the local resource that such innovations could exploit.”

A valuable chemical record

For the new study, the researchers used computer simulations and tested two scenarios. One had strong solar wind — a high-speed stream of particles coming from the sun — and no magnetic field around Earth. The other had weaker solar wind and a strong magnetic field around Earth. The scenarios roughly correspond to an ancient and a modern state of our planet. The modern Earth scenario turned out to be the most effective at transferring fragments of Earth’s atmosphere to the moon.

Researchers then compared the outcomes against data obtained directly from lunar soil analysis in previous studies.

“We used lunar samples brought to Earth by the Apollo 14 and 17 missions to validate our results,” said Shubhonkar Paramanick, a graduate student in the department of physics and astronomy at the University of Rochester. Paramanick was the lead author of the study, which published in December in the journal Nature Communications Earth

Por CNN Español

Álvaro Arbeloa, un exfutbolista que triunfó en el Real Madrid y ha tenido experiencia dirigiendo sus equipos juveniles, es el nuevo entrenador del conjunto blanco. El club anunció este martes que el técnico del Castilla asumirá el banquillo del primer equipo tras la destitución de Xabi Alonso, un día después de la derrota ante el Barcelona en la final de la Supercopa de España.

Como futbolista, Arbeloa —nacido en Salamanca en 1983— defendió la camiseta del Real Madrid entre 2009 y 2016. Disputó 238 partidos oficiales y ganó ocho títulos: dos Champions Leagues, un Mundial de Clubes, una Supercopa de Europa, una Liga, dos Copas del Rey y una Supercopa de España.

Arbeloa fue un defensa polivalente que comenzó su trayectoria en el Real Madrid en las categorías inferiores en 2001 y debutó con el primer equipo en 2004, antes de consolidarse en el Deportivo y el Liverpool, lo que propició su regreso al club merengue, con el que disputó 238 partidos oficiales. Marcó seis goles.

Fue internacional con la selección de España en 56 ocasiones, formó parte de la generación que ganó el Mundial de 2010 y las Eurocopas de 2008 y 2012, y cerró su carrera profesional tras una última etapa en el West Ham.

Arbeloa dirigía al Real Madrid Castilla desde junio de 2025, tras relevar a Raúl González. Toda su trayectoria como entrenador se ha desarrollado en la cantera madridista, a la que llegó en la temporada 2020/21 al frente del Infantil A —con el que se proclamó campeón de Liga—, antes de pasar por el Cadete A (2021-2022) y el Juvenil A (2022-2025).

Con el Juvenil A firmó su etapa más exitosa: logró el triplete en la temporada 2022-2023 —Liga, Copa del Rey y Copa de Campeones— y volvió a conquistar la Liga en la campaña 2024-2025.

El técnico asume ahora el cargo tras apenas unos meses al frente del Castilla, al que deja en la cuarta posición del Grupo 1 de Primera RFEF.

Arbeloa llega al primer equipo con una apuesta clara por la intensidad, la presión alta y un 4-3-3 que prioriza las bandas y el protagonismo de los laterales.

Llega con el reto de recuperar el estado físico de la plantilla estelar y responder a un calendario inmediato de máxima exigencia, que arranca con la Copa del Rey ante el Albacete.

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Con información de EFE.

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