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Homeownership has long been considered one of the pillars of financial security in America. Still, for many households, the cost of maintaining that dream increasingly comes at the expense of daily financial stability. The commonly referenced 30% rule, which recommends that households not spend more than 30% of their income on housing, has become significantly harder to achieve as mortgage rates, insurance premiums, and property taxes rise.
Splitero leveraged data from the United States Census American Community Survey (ACS) to understand where residents are the most house-poor, meaning their housing costs make up 30% or more of their income, broken down by city. Using the most recent ACS release from 2024, this story reveals the top 10 and bottom 10 most house-poor cities, among cities with at least 40,000 owner occupied housing units.
These values were then compared to those in 2019 to highlight the stark differences in each city 5 years apart. These findings show sharp geographic divides and rapid affordability deterioration across the Sun Belt and coastal markets, despite some Midwest and Southern metros remaining relatively insulated.
Key Takeaways
- The most house-poor metros are dominated by California and Florida, led by Los Angeles, where 47.6% of mortgage owners spend at least 30% of their income on housing.
- The least house-poor metros are concentrated in the Midwest and Southeast, with places like Huntsville (19.4%), Chandler (20.0%), and Chattanooga (21.9%) keeping a much smaller share of owners above the 30% threshold.
- Affordability is deteriorating fastest in emerging hot spots such as Cape Coral and North Las Vegas, where the share of cost-burdened homeowners has surged from roughly 27% to more than 42% since 2019.
- California stands out statewide: across its 20 largest owner-occupied cities, 39.4% of mortgage owners now exceed the 30% rule (up from 37.5% in 2019).
Metros with the highest and lowest share of homeowners spending above 30% of their income
The nation’s most house-poor metros overwhelmingly cluster in California, Florida, and major urban coastal markets, according to data from 2024:
1. Los Angeles, California: 47.6%
2. Chula Vista, California: 45.2%
3. Cape Coral, Florida: 44.3%
4. Fort Lauderdale, Florida: 44.2%
T-5. Miami, Florida: 44%
T-5. New York, New York: 44%
T-7. Honolulu, Hawai’i: 43%
T-7. New Orleans, Louisiana: 43%
9. North Las Vegas, Nevada: 42.9%
10. Irvine, California: 42.8%
There are a myriad of reasons why these metros have seen mortgage owners spending more than the recommended 30% of their income on housing, but price changes on homes in these markets are a major factor. Limited supply amid increased demand, higher costs of capital, and wage adjustments mean the