By Deidre McPhillips, CNN
(CNN) — The US has recorded more than 1,100 measles cases so far this year, according to data published Friday by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. It’s a troubling milestone that has many in public health bracing for the worst.
According to the CDC, out of every 1,000 children who are infected with measles, one may develop encephalitis, which is a dangerous swelling of the brain. Up to 3 out of every 1,000 infected children will die.
The US is on track for another record-breaking year for measles: The number of measles cases reported in the first eight weeks of the year — 1,136 as of February 26, according to CDC data — is already six times more than typical for an entire year. A tracker from the Johns Hopkins University Center for Outbreak Response Innovation has tallied an even higher the annual case total than the CDC.
The current US trajectory for measles cases is “disappointing and depressing and ominous,” said Dr. William Schaffner, an infectious disease expert at Vanderbilt University Medical Center — especially because there is a safe and highly effective vaccine available to protect against measles infection and its complications.
“Measles is a fierce infection, and we should be preventing it,” he said. “It can strike any healthy, normal child in its most severe fashion.”
But the vast majority of measles cases reported in the US so far this year — about 96% — have been among people who have not been vaccinated with the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine or who have not received both recommended doses. More than 80% have been among children and teens, with about 1 in 4 cases among children under 5.
Last year, the US reported nearly 2,300 measles cases — more than there have been in a single year since 1991, and significantly more than there have been in any year since measles declared eliminated in 2000.
Three people died from measles last year: two children in Texas and one adult in New Mexico, all of whom were unvaccinated.
“That’s in that range of one to three deaths per 1,000 (cases). So, can we expect another death? Yes, I think we’re getting there where we can expect another death,” said Dr. Paul Offit, an infectious disease physician and director of the Vaccine Education Center at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia. “And it is unconscionable.”
“When more people are choosing not to vaccinate their children, you’re going to see more disease, more suffering, more hospitalization and more death,” he said. “Children are dying from a vaccine-preventable disease because their parents are choosing not to vaccinate them, and they’re choosing not to vaccinate them because they fear the vaccine more than they fear the disease.”
More than half of US states have reported a measles case so far this year, and there are at least three large outbreaks happening across the country that continue to grow.
Multiple outbreaks throughout US
A record-breaking measles outbreak in the upstate region of South Carolina has led to at least 979 cases since it started in October, according to the South Carolina Department of Public Health.
The outbreak is centered in Spartanburg County, where vaccination rates are particularly low. As with broader national trends, nearly all measles cases in South Carolina — more than 93% — are among people who have not been vaccinated with the MMR vaccine, according to Read more