By Shimon Prokupecz, Matthew J. Friedman, Rachel Clarke, CNN

(CNN) — Former teacher Arnulfo Reyes was questioned repeatedly in court Tuesday about how doors were left open at Robb Elementary School in Uvalde, Texas, before a gunman entered in May 2022 and killed 21 children and teachers.

Reyes, the only survivor in his classroom, and called to testify by prosecutors who have accused former school district police officer Adrian Gonzales of failing to do enough to stop or delay the shooter.

The attack remains one of the deadliest US school shootings, a continuing scourge that has spurred security measures in classrooms across America.

Gonzales has pleaded not guilty to 29 charges of endangering or abandoning a child. Prosecutors allege he was told where the shooter was heading and had enough time to act.

Defense attorney Nico LaHood had Reyes confirm that the door to his classroom was not locked on the day of the massacre, when Reyes saw sheetrock flying amid gunfire and told his students to hide.

“Hiding the kids isn’t as effective if that door is not locked,” LaHood said, then asking Reyes: “The fact that the door was not locked had an effect on the gunman entering the room?”

“Yes,” Reyes replied.

LaHood also questioned how well the children were hidden in Room 111. They were underneath tables, but unlike in the classroom next door, there were no curtains around the table edges to shield them from view, he said, and Reyes agreed.

Teachers testified earlier in the trial that some rooms had cu

By Jacopo Prisco, CNN

(CNN) — Particles from Earth’s atmosphere have been carried into space by solar wind and have been landing on the moon for billions of years, mixing into the lunar soil, according to a new study.

The research sheds new light on a puzzle that has endured for over half a century since the Apollo missions brought back lunar samples with traces of substances such as water, carbon dioxide, helium and nitrogen embedded in the regolith — the moon’s dusty surface layer.

Early studies theorized that the sun was the source of some of these substances. But in 2005 researchers at the University of Tokyo suggested that they could have also originated from the atmosphere of a young Earth before it developed a magnetic field about 3.7 billion years ago. The authors suspected that the magnetic field, once in place, would have stopped the stream by trapping the particles and making it difficult or impossible for them to escape into space.

Now, the new research upends that assumption by suggesting that Earth’s magnetic field might have helped, rather than blocked, the transfer of atmospheric particles to the moon — which continues to this day.

“This means that the Earth has been supplying volatile gases like oxygen and nitrogen to the lunar soil over all this time,” said Eric Blackman, coauthor of the new study and a professor in the department of physics and astronomy at the University of Rochester in New York.

“It has long been thought that the Moon initially formed from an asteroid impact to the proto-Earth, during which there was a lot of initial mixing of such volatiles from Earth to moon,” he added via email. “Our results show that there is still volatile sharing, even over billions of years.”

The presence of useful elements such as oxygen and hydrogen on the moon’s surface could be of interest for lunar exploration.

“Lunar missions, and ultimately lunar colonies that might potentially arise someday, would likely have to have self-sustaining resources that do not need to be carried from Earth,” Blackman said.

“For example, people have studied how they might process water from lunar regolith and extract hydrogen and oxygen to make fuel. There are also studies of ammonia-based fuel which would take advantage of the nitrogen carried onto the moon by, and in the solar wind. So, this material carried by the solar wind goes into the soil and becomes part of the local resource that such innovations could exploit.”

A valuable chemical record

For the new study, the researchers used computer simulations and tested two scenarios. One had strong solar wind — a high-speed stream of particles coming from the sun — and no magnetic field around Earth. The other had weaker solar wind and a strong magnetic field around Earth. The scenarios roughly correspond to an ancient and a modern state of our planet. The modern Earth scenario turned out to be the most effective at transferring fragments of Earth’s atmosphere to the moon.

Researchers then compared the outcomes against data obtained directly from lunar soil analysis in previous studies.

“We used lunar samples brought to Earth by the Apollo 14 and 17 missions to validate our results,” said Shubhonkar Paramanick, a graduate student in the department of physics and astronomy at the University of Rochester. Paramanick was the lead author of the study, which published in December in the journal Nature Communications Earth

Por CNN Español

Álvaro Arbeloa, un exfutbolista que triunfó en el Real Madrid y ha tenido experiencia dirigiendo sus equipos juveniles, es el nuevo entrenador del conjunto blanco. El club anunció este martes que el técnico del Castilla asumirá el banquillo del primer equipo tras la destitución de Xabi Alonso, un día después de la derrota ante el Barcelona en la final de la Supercopa de España.

Como futbolista, Arbeloa —nacido en Salamanca en 1983— defendió la camiseta del Real Madrid entre 2009 y 2016. Disputó 238 partidos oficiales y ganó ocho títulos: dos Champions Leagues, un Mundial de Clubes, una Supercopa de Europa, una Liga, dos Copas del Rey y una Supercopa de España.

Arbeloa fue un defensa polivalente que comenzó su trayectoria en el Real Madrid en las categorías inferiores en 2001 y debutó con el primer equipo en 2004, antes de consolidarse en el Deportivo y el Liverpool, lo que propició su regreso al club merengue, con el que disputó 238 partidos oficiales. Marcó seis goles.

Fue internacional con la selección de España en 56 ocasiones, formó parte de la generación que ganó el Mundial de 2010 y las Eurocopas de 2008 y 2012, y cerró su carrera profesional tras una última etapa en el West Ham.

Arbeloa dirigía al Real Madrid Castilla desde junio de 2025, tras relevar a Raúl González. Toda su trayectoria como entrenador se ha desarrollado en la cantera madridista, a la que llegó en la temporada 2020/21 al frente del Infantil A —con el que se proclamó campeón de Liga—, antes de pasar por el Cadete A (2021-2022) y el Juvenil A (2022-2025).

Con el Juvenil A firmó su etapa más exitosa: logró el triplete en la temporada 2022-2023 —Liga, Copa del Rey y Copa de Campeones— y volvió a conquistar la Liga en la campaña 2024-2025.

El técnico asume ahora el cargo tras apenas unos meses al frente del Castilla, al que deja en la cuarta posición del Grupo 1 de Primera RFEF.

Arbeloa llega al primer equipo con una apuesta clara por la intensidad, la presión alta y un 4-3-3 que prioriza las bandas y el protagonismo de los laterales.

Llega con el reto de recuperar el estado físico de la plantilla estelar y responder a un calendario inmediato de máxima exigencia, que arranca con la Copa del Rey ante el Albacete.

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By Scottie Andrew, CNN

(CNN) — Scott Adams, the creator of the popular comic strip “Dilbert,” has died, according to an announcement on his social media pages.

Adams announced in May that he’d been diagnosed with an aggressive form of prostate cancer.

“Dilbert,” a chronicle of the indignities of American office work, was one of the country’s most popular comic strips from its breakout success in the 1990s until February 2023, when Adams made racist comments against Black Americans, calling them a “hate group” that white people should “get the hell away from,” in response to a dubious poll about whether it’s “OK to be white.” Hundreds of newspapers stopped carrying “Dilbert” within days, and the strip was soon dropped by its distributor.

Adams began self-publishing the strip, a “spicier version” called “Dilbert Reborn,” on his website for a subscription fee. He stopped drawing “Dilbert” in November 2025 due to cramping and partial paralysis in his hands, he said, though he continued to write the strips.

Adams’ ex-wife Shelly Miles announced his death on Tuesday’s episode of the livestream “Coffee with Scott Adams,” which he hosted daily until his death, with a written statement from Adams.

“I had an amazing life,” Scott Adams wrote in the statement, composed on New Year’s Day. “I gave it everything I had. If I get any benefits from my work, I’m asking that you pay it forward as best as you can. That’s the legacy I want. Be useful, and please know, I loved you all to the very end.”

This story is developing and will be updated.

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By Clare Duffy, CNN

New York (CNN) — Microsoft says it will ask to pay higher electricity bills in areas where it’s building data centers, in an effort to prevent electricity prices for local residents from rising in those areas. The move is part of a broader plan to address rising prices and other concerns sparked by the tech industry’s massive buildout of artificial intelligence infrastructure across the United States.

Big Tech is spending hundreds of billions of dollars to build the data centers that power AI systems. They hoover up vast amounts of electricity, but it’s a project that leaders in Silicon Valley and on Capitol Hill have framed as essential for the economy and national security.

But the rising costs from that electricity demand has prompted backlash from local communities worried about the impact on their energy bills and the environment. Areas near data centers saw an increase in electricity costs of as much as 267% compared to five years ago, a Bloomberg News analysis from last year found.

What’s more, many Americans have argued that they did not ask for the AI buildout and worry they won’t benefit from it, given warnings from tech leaders that AI could eliminate jobs.

Microsoft, accordingly, is now saying it will seek to pay not just for the energy its data centers use, but also to cover the costs of updating and adding necessary electricity to the grid, so those costs aren’t passed on to other local utility customers.

“I think the bare minimum, as we look to the future, is to give these communities around the country the confidence that when a data center comes, its presence will not raise their electricity prices,” Microsoft President Brad Smith said at an event in Washington, D.C. on Tuesday announcing the plan.

Microsoft’s efforts to be a good neighbor in the areas where it builds data centers also include plans to invest in local water systems, libraries and schools, as well as job and AI skills training.

The company’s Tuesday announcement comes a day after President Donald Trump teased plans he said his administration developed with Big Tech to address Americans’ rising electricity bills.

“Therefore, my Administration is working with major American Technology Companies to secure their commitment to the American people, and we will have much to announce in the coming weeks to ensure that Americans don’t ‘pick up the tab’ for their POWER consumption, in terms of higher Utility bills,” Trump said in a Truth Social post on Monday, adding that the first announcement would come from Microsoft. The move comes as Trump has been taking steps to address Americans’ affordability concerns.

Despite the protests against AI data centers, Smith said, “we fun